Indian philosophies are divided into two classes,
Nastika (non believers in the vedas)
Astika (believers in the vedas)
The Nastika philosophy are Buddhist, jain and charvka.
The Astika are six parts
Samkhya - Yoga
Nayay - Vaisheshika
Vedanta - Mimamsa
Samkhya
Samkhya system evolves 25 elements.
Two principal ones are Purusha and Prakriti where purusha is not changeable and prakriti is made up of 3 gunas ( sattva, Rajas, tamas) which is changeable.
Prakriti evolves:
Buddhi (Pure intellect) evolves
Ahamkara (Ego) evolves
Sattva predominates
Tamas predominates
Sattva predominates
10 Indriyas 5 karmendriyas 5 jnanendriyas which received command form MANAS.
Tamas predominates
5 tanmantras 5 mahabhutas.
Yoga
Yoga is written in Sutra form.It contains 195 Sutras which are divided into four Padas.
The Yoga Sutra of patanjali stands alone as authoritative book on Yoga.
Four Padas
1.Samadhi Pada
2.Sadhana Pada
3.Vibhuti Pada
4.Kaivalya Pada
Nyaya
Nyaya sutra are also called Aksapada. It describe more as negation of total and permanent absence of sorrow and suffering.the existence of pain and pleasure is always there in life,there can never be pure pleasure,pure happiness or bliss without pain.
Vaisheshika
Vaisheshika darshan founded by Rishi Kannada known as Uluka(owl). Hence, it is also called Aulukya darshana.It is divided into ten Adhyayas(chapters) which contains 374 sutras.
Mimamsa
Purva Mimamsa is a code of principles for interpretation of the vedic texts. The vedas are used as mantra for performing sacrifices. The sutras of Purva Mimamsa are attributed to Jaimini Sabara.
Vedanta
The word vedanta means 'End of Vedas' Upanishads. The name vedanta Sutras refers to summarised statements of the general view of Upnishads. The first fours Sutras called Catuh Sutras. The rest are either justifying vedas or attacking the attackers of Vedas.
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